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EUROP grid
The EUROP grid method of carcase classification was implemented in 1981. European Economic Community Regulations (EEC) No. (1208/81 ) and No. (2930/81 ) were enacted to facilitate the application of a community scale for the classification of carcases of adult bovine animals. This was to ensure the uniform classification of the carcases of adult bovine animals in the EEC and make the definitions of conformation classes and fat classes more precise. The need arose for a common grading scale when member states of the EEC began operating in the common beef market in 1968 (EEC) No. 805/68 and price reporting to the EC became mandatory.
In the UK, the Meat and Livestock Commission ((MLC Services Ltd )) is responsible for the classification of over 80% of the cattle slaughtered in Britain. The EUROP grid consists of a 5 point scale in which each conformation and fat class is subdivided into low medium and high classes resulting in 15 classes. In the UK, the fat classes range from 1-5 with classes 4 and 5 having a high and low sub-class which results in a seven point scale for fatness (figure 1). It is argued by the MLC that this subdivision allows a more precise description of the carcase.
The price a farmer receives for a beast sent for slaughter is calculated by multiplying the carcase weight by the classification price for a particular category of animal (heifer, steer, bull, cow etc.). This classification is subjectively assigned by the meat grader according to the EUROP system where E is excellent, U is Very Good, R is Good, O is Fair and P is Poor. Likewise for the fat class, where 1 is Low, 2 is Slight, 3 is Average, 4 is High, and 5 is Very High. A typical classification would be R4L where the R refers to a "Good” carcass with an “Average” to “High” covering of fat according to the (MLC ).
The grader is usually an independent classifier who also monitors carcass dressing specification. Most classifiers are employed by MLC services and they are audited quarterly by the Rural Payments Agency (RPA) which is a government organisation. More recently Video Image analysis has been used to classify beef carcasses according to the EUROP scale. There are several machines that can do this, several of which were (trialled in Ireland ). The Republic of Ireland has used video image analysis for assignment of the EUROP classification grid since 2004.
Two main problems that are often cited in reference to the EUROP grid are its subjective application and its lack of consideration for meat eating quality.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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